Achievement Gap

There is more than an achievement gap between white and black Americans in our education system; there is a discipline gap too. African-American students without disabilities are more than three times as likely to be expelled or suspended as their white peers.

• By Courtney Wise Randolph

That’s the conclusion of a growing number of researchers who argue that 30 years of test scores have not measured a decline in public schools, but are rather a metric of the country’s child poverty and the broadening divide of income inequality.

• By Bill Raden